Climate in a wider sense is the state, including a statistical description, of the climate system. These quantities are most often surface variables such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. The classical period is 30В years, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2001 glossary definition is as follows:Д¬limate in a narrow sense is usually defined as the 'average weather,' or more rigorously, as the statistical description in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a period ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. Climate also includes statistics other than the average, such as the magnitudes of day-to-day or year-to-year variations.

The standard averaging period is 30В years, but other periods may be used depending on the purpose. Therefore, species are expected to move upwards in elevation or towards the poles in latitude in response to shifting climate zones.' Д¬limate (from Ancient Greek ОєО»ОЇОјО±В 'inclination') is commonly defined as the weather averaged over a long period. For example, 'a 3В вЊ change in mean annual temperature corresponds to a shift in isotherms of approximately 300вЂ“400В kmВ in latitude (in the temperate zone) or 500В mВ in elevation. Recent warming is discussed in global warming, which results in redistributions. Climate change may occur over long and short timescales from various factors. Climate models are mathematical models of past, present, and future climates. They include non-biotic evidence-such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores-and biotic evidence-such as tree rings and coral. Since very few direct observations of climate were available before the 19th century, paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables. Paleoclimatology is the study of ancient climates. Finally, the Bergeron and Spatial Synoptic Classification systems focus on the origin of air masses that define the climate of a region. The Thornthwaite system, in use since 1948, incorporates evapotranspiration along with temperature and precipitation information and is used in studying biological diversity and how climate change affects it. The most widely used classification scheme was the KГ¶ppen climate classification. The climate of a location is affected by its latitude/ longitude, terrain, altitude, and nearby water bodies and their currents.Д¬limates can be classified according to the average and typical variables, most commonly temperature and precipitation. In a broader sense, climate is the state of the components of the climate system, including the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the lithosphere and the biosphere and the interactions between them. Some of the meteorological variables that are commonly measured are temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, and precipitation.

More rigorously, it is the mean and variability of meteorological variables over a time spanning from months to millions of years. Climate is the long-term weather pattern in an area, typically averaged over 30 years.

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